根据《甘肃省普通高等学校招生考试改革方案（试行）》，结合我省实际，2018 年我省普通高校招生考试英语听力仍在高考之外进行，采取全省统一组织的办法。

甘肃省教育科学研究所为此编写了《2018年甘肃省普通高等学校招生英语听力测试大纲》，并制定了命题原则、命题程序及方法。“测试大纲”将是2018年我省普通高等学校招生英语听力考试命题的依据。

一、考试性质和目的

高考英语听力测试是普通高等学校招生考试的一个组成部分，测试着眼于提高学生语言应用能力，尤其是测试考生理解口头英语的能力，促进英语学科的教学改革。

二、考试内容和要求

高考英语听力测试要求考生能听懂日常生活中内容熟悉、发音清晰、语速适当的简短对话和独白。听力试题的设置严格按照“继续加强语言测试的交际原则，加大语言交际能力的考查力度”的要求，更加全面地考查学生综合运用语言的能力。

听力部分提供的语言材料是口语表达形式的对话或独白，每段对话和独白都涉及到某一特定话题，具有特定的交际情境。

高考英语听力测试主要考查考生以下能力：

（1）听清、听懂对话或独白内容的能力。这就需要掌握基本的语音知识，特别注意口语中经常出现的连读、弱化、失去爆破、同化、语调、重音等。

（2）理解对话或独白，分析、确认事实细节的能力。有时听力材料反映的相关内容，试题中可能会以不同方式表达出来，但意义却是一样的。

（3）把握整体内容，进行概括总结，理解主旨大意的能力。

（4）根据材料内容，或者说话者的语气、语调，进行推理、判断的能力。

（5）根据材料内容或背景信息，推测相关具体内容，如时间、地点、场合、身份、态度、关系等。

三、考试形式与试卷结构

根据省上有关要求，命题采用闭卷的方式，考试时间为30分钟，试卷满分为30分。试卷包括简短对话、对话、独白等题型，共分两节。第一节是五段短对话（一般为一问一答形式），每段对话后设一个小题（共5小题，每小题1．5分），要求考生从每小题所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话的录音材料仅读一遍。第二节是五段长对话或独白，每段对话或独白后设几个小题（共15小题，每小题1．5分），要求考生从每小题所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话或独白的录音材料读两遍。对话部分由一男一女朗读（一般为英音），谈话双方的声音特点明显不同，身份明确；考生实际的听力理解时间一般控制为20分钟左右。无论是上述哪一种类型的试题，都将放在真实的语境中进行考查，而不会把脱离语境的语言材料作为考试内容。

测试安排：听力测试正式开考前10分钟开始分发试卷、答题卡和试音（两者同时进行），等播音中出现“试音到此结束”时立即停止播放，不要将磁带倒回开头处，待等到听力考试正式考试信号时继续播放。此时英语听力测试正式开始，考生根据测试内容开始按语音提示作答。

答题方式：考生根据所听到的对话或独白从每题所给的题目中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，最终必须涂在答题卡上。

试题难易度由低到高按7：2：1比例命题，即考查基础知识和基本技能的试题占70%，考查学生灵活运用语言知识能力、难度稍高的试题占20%，有一定深度的较难试题占10%。

四、命题原则、命题特点及素材特点

1．命题原则

听力是与外国人直接交往中必不可少的一种语言能力。英语听力试题是为了考查学生理解口头英语的能力。听的能力反映在听的过程中，对说话者所发出的信息进行辨别、判断和理解。《普通高中英语课程标准》中对听力的二级目标要求应是我省听力试题命题的重要参考依据。它要求考生能听懂英美人士的录音材料，能听懂所学语言范围内用正常语速谈论日常生活的内容，能听懂没有生词、题材熟悉、难度略低于所学材料的语段，语速为每分钟120个词。听力二级目标要求考生做到：听一遍能理解大意，听二至三遍能了解其中重要的细节，理解正确率要求达到70%。

《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语学科考试说明》指出，听力理解是领会语言语义的一项重要能力，听者要对听到的语音信号进行复杂加工，整个过程是一个非常积极、非常活跃的动态过程，是背景知识、语境和语言知识相互撞击、相互作用，对听力材料不断吸收、最终形成理解的过程。

2018年的甘肃省高考英语听力测试将进一步在2017年的基础上，继续以检测学生理解和获取信息的能力为重点，更加注重考查学生的听力技能。

2．命题特点

1）强调话语的整体理解；

2）强调口语的真实性；

3）强调对社会语言策略的具体把握；

4）强调情感、情绪因素在口语表述中的重要作用；

5）强调听力技能的熟练运用；

6）选材尽量贴近学生、贴近生活、贴近时代。

具体表现在：

1、大多数听力材料来源于英语国家的生活会话，具有明显的口语特征，听起来自然、真实，符合在非测试状态下英语口语在日常生活中运用的真实情景。

2、题材广泛，内容涉及日常生活、文化教育、风土人情、传说故事、时事新闻、科普知识、人物传记等许多方面，话题明确，主题突出，有利于全面有效地检测考生在不同生活实际环境下对所学语言的接受能力。

3、听力材料一般由5段1-2个回合的简短对话和5段3-5个回合的较长对话或独白组成，该部分语句结构和内容层次比前一部分简短对话略显复杂。但一般来说，除一些专有名词外，材料中一般没有生词。

4、题干和选项一般比较简短，各选项的长度、难度和结构基本一致。

5、语速自然，相当于真实生活中人们讲话的正常语速。

6、听力材料一般由英籍专家朗读，但将来也可能会有美音、甚至澳大利亚和加拿大音，乃至背景音，体现语言的真实性、交际性和实用性。

3．素材特点

听力理解的语言材料有别于阅读材料，具体表现在：句子短，语言结构不如书面语言那么严谨，且多余信息多（诸如you know, listen, well, I mean, you see等），内容多为贴近学生生活或日常交际生活中的对话或独白，它来源于生活，体现生活，和我们日常生活有密切联系，具有口语特征，诸如犹豫、停顿、重复、思考、重音、略音、拖长音、被打断、语序颠倒等，句子简短等。同时，录音文字材料的语言难度也略低于阅读材料，材料中一般不会出现生词，但个别不影响理解的词汇也有可能出现；选项中能用单词的不用短语，能用短语的不用句子，不用复杂的句子作选项；听力试题不考查语法知识；问题常以特殊疑问句的形式出现，不以一般疑问句的形式出现。

听力语言材料的内容主要涉及日常生活、文化教育、风土人情、时事和科普常识等方面。常见的日常生活的话题有：问候、邀请、看病、约会、聚餐、购物、通知、问路、打电话、谈论天气、询问时间、自然灾害、新闻报道等等内容。听力语言材料的长度适宜，既有足够的信息量供试题设计问题，又不会给考生增加记忆负担，最长的一段语言材料只有150个词左右（近两年的试题情况），最短的对话也创设了一个较明确的语境。

五、命题程序及方法

命题既是一种学术水平的体现，也是一门技术。为了使试题既符合教学大纲对学习内容的目标要求，又能体现考试评价改革的新理念，命题一般要经过以下步骤：

1．学习教学大纲（包括教材）及《标准》中有关听力要求的内容，研读《2018年甘肃省普通高等学校招生外语听力测试大纲》中的有关规定。

2．制定“双向细目表”。

3．选择拟出题的各个分项。在“双向细目表”中，利用打“√”等方式选择在哪些知识点上命题。所命试题的题型、难度、分值应符合《2018年甘肃省普通高等学校招生外语听力测试大纲》中的“一、二、三”尤其是“三、考试方式与试卷结构”的要求。

4．利用前三步拟定好的双向细目表开始命题。

5．讨论修改。当试题命制完毕后，每个命题人应根据“双向细目表”认真阅读自己命制的试题，并做适当的调整或修改。

6．拼卷。当试题修改后，经过集体讨论就可以拼卷了，讨论时应该说明所命试题的出处等。拼卷时，要注意由易到难排列。拼好试卷后，再认真考虑整卷的难度、各考查内容的比例、赋分等。最后，根据整卷分析情况进行个别试题的调整、修改或重新命制。

7．审题。当试卷拼好并进行调整后，即可审题，审题时，既要审查每道试题的科学性，还要考虑效度、信度、难度，以及整卷的内容比例、难度比例等。

8．根据审题意见进行修改。

在命题过程中要避免试题中出现不规范性和随意性，要特别注意其中的第3至第5步骤。

六、题型示例

一、考查简短对话

1． How much did the woman weigh before she began to lose weight?

A. 165 pounds.

B. 190 pounds.

C. 140 pounds.

二、考查长对话

2．What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. Watching TV or going to the movies.

B. Reading a book or watching TV at home.

C. Staying at home or eating out in the evening.

3. Why does the woman say going to the movies can be a waste of money?

A. You have to pay for the ticket which is much too expensive.

B. You have no choice as to what movie you’d like to see.

C. You may leave the cinema when you do not like the movie.

4. Where is the man from?

A. America.

B. Hong Kong.

C. Europe.

5. When will the man leave the hotel?

A. On Sep.11th.

B. On Sep. 17th.

C. On Sep. 16th.

6. What can you learn from the conversation?

A. The man will have free breakfast or dinner at hotel.

B. The man will stay at hotel for 5 days.

C. The total charge for a single room with bath is 50 dollars a day, including 12 percent service charge.

三、考查独白

7. What did the man have to do in the morning ?

A. He fed the chickens.

B. He cleaned the bathroom.

C. He carried water for the family.

8. Why did the man go to school foot ?

A. No bus ran in that direction.

B. The school was near.

C. His family was poor.

9. What did the man do every Sunday ?

A. He was taken to church three times.

B. He stayed at home all day.

C. He played in the street.

10. What can we learn from what the speaker said ?

A. He is a retired teacher of history.

B. He thinks children were happier in the past.

2018年甘肃省普通高等学校招生考试英语听力测试样卷（一）

注意事项：

1．本试卷共两节，满分30分，考试时间30分钟。

2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考试科目涂写在答题卡及试卷上。

3．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能写在试卷上。

4．考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.15. C. ￡9.18.

答案是B。

1．Where are the speakers heading?

A．To Oxford Street.

B．To Buckingham Palace.

C．To a police station.

2．What time does the BBC news end?

A．At 6∶30.

B．At 7∶00.

C．At 7∶30.

3．What will Rose do this Sunday?

A．Go to the movies.

B．Attend the English party.

C．Celebrate her father’s birthday.

4．How will the woman come home?

A．Susan will take her home.

B．Her father will pick her up.

C．Susan’s mother will drive her home.

5．What do we know about the man?

A．He is rather tired.

B．He is quite confident.

C．He doesn’t work hard.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6．Where does the conversation take place?

A．In the library.

B．In the classroom.

C．In the teacher’s office.

7．What will be left on the board?

A．The new words.

B．The drills and examples.

C．The new words and drills.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8．How will the speakers go to New York?

A．By bus.

B．By taxi.

C．By air.

9．Why are the speakers making the trip?

A．For travelling.

B．For a conference.

C．For shopping.

10．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A．Fellow workers.

B．Husband and wife.

C．Driver and passenger.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11．Why does the woman like San Francisco?

A．It has less traffic.

B．People there are friendlier.

C．It has plenty of good food and music.

12．Where does the woman come from?

A．Pennsylvania.

B．San Francisco.

C．China.

13．What does the woman think of the man’s English?

A．Acceptable.

B．Excellent.

C．Strange.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14．What does John do now?

A．He’s a trainer.

B．He’s a tour guide.

C．He’s a college student.

15．How much can a new person earn for the first year?

A．$10,500.

B．$12,000.

C．$15,000.

16．How many people will the woman hire?

A．Four.

B．Three.

C．Two.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17．What does the speaker mainly talk about?

A．The plan for today.

B．The language skills.

C．An introduction of the center.

18．How many parts does the test include?

A．Three.

B．Four.

C．Five.

19．When can the listeners ask many questions?

A．After the speaker finishes his talk.

B．When they meet in small groups.

C．When they take a campus tour.

20．What will the listeners do this afternoon?

A．Begin their first lesson.

B．Get into small classes.

C．Take a campus tour.

2018年甘肃省普通高等学校招生考试英语听力测试样卷（一）

听力部分录音稿

这是2018年甘肃省普通高等学校招生考试英语科听力测试。该试卷分为第一节和第二节。

注意，回答听力测试时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力测试结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。

现在是听力试音时间。

M: Hello. International Friends Club. Can I help you?

W: Oh, hello. I read about your club in the paper today and I thought I’d phone to find out a bit more.

M: Yes, certainly, well, we’re a sort of social club for people from different countries. It’s quite a new club—we have about 50 members at the moment, but we’re growing all the time.

W: That sounds interesting. I’m British actually, and I came to Washington about three months ago. I’m looking for ways to meet people. Er, what kinds of events do you organize?

M: Well, we have social get-togethers, and sports, and we also have language evenings.

W: Could you tell me something about the language evenings?

M: Yes. Every day except Thursday we have a language evening. People can come and practise

their language—you know, over a drink or something. We have different languages on different

evenings. Monday—Spanish; Tuesday—Italian; Wednesday—German; and Friday—French. On Thursday we usually have a meal in a restaurant for anyone who wants to come.

W: Well, that sounds great. I really need to practise my French.

M: OK. Well, if you can just give me your name and address, I’ll send you the form and some more information. If you join now, you can have the first month free.

试音到此结束，听力测试正式开始。

请看听力测试第一节。

第一节

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

停顿（pause）00′02″

例如：现在你有5秒钟的时间看试卷上的例题。

停顿（pause）00′05″

你将听到以下内容：

M：Excuse me. Can you tell me how much the shirt is?

W：Yes, it’s nine pounds fifteen pence.

你有5秒钟的时间将正确答案划在试卷上。

停顿（pause）00′05″

衬衫的价格为9镑15便士，所以你选择B项，并在试卷上将其标出。

现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。

停顿（pause）00′05″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 1)

M: Would you remind me when we get to Buckingham Palace, please?

W: Sure, no problem! Now we are at Oxford Street, and we can get there in thirty minutes.

停顿（pause）00′10″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 2)

W：BBC news starts at half past six.

M：Does it last for an hour?

W：No, it lasts for half an hour.

停顿（pause）00′10″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 3)

M：Shall we go to the English party or watch a movie this Sunday, Rose?

W：Both sound great, Bob. But I’m going to my father’s birthday party. Thanks for asking me.

停顿（pause）00′10″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 4)

W: Can I be back a little later tonight, Dad? Susan is celebrating her birthday downtown.

M: OK, but no later than 11 pm. By the way, how will you get there and come back, then?

W: In her mum’s car and she will drop me off at home.

停顿（pause）00′10″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 5)

W：You don’t look very well.

M：Yes, I stayed up very late last night rewriting my paper.

W：Haven’t you finished it yet?

M：Not yet, I don’t know when I can finish it.

停顿（pause）00′05″

（停顿时间打点）

第一节到此结束。

第二节

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

停顿（pause）00′02″

听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。

停顿（pause）00′10″

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(Text 6)

W：Would you do me a favor, Billy?

M：Yes, Miss Smith.

W：I have to go back to the office to fetch your homework. Would you clean the blackboard for me?

M：Sure. Shall I wipe off everything on the blackboard?

W：No. Leave the new words on, please.

M：And the drills?

W：I am sorry you weren’t listening to me. What should you clean if drills and examples are on the

blackboard?

停顿（pause）00′02″ 重复

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（停顿时间打点）

听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。

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(Text 7)

M：Hey, Lucy. Do you have time to talk about next week’s trip with me?

W：Sure, Dave. We will go to New York for a conference.

M：OK. So, we’re leaving on Monday from Hartsfield International Airport and returning on  Friday. Do we go to the airport by ourselves? Maybe we need to book a taxi or just go by bus.

W：No, we don’t have to. The company car will pick us up and take us there.

M：Oh, that’s good. When?

W：Our flight leaves at 11 am, so they should pick us up between 8 and 9 am. Besides, the company pays for our trip, including hotel and food.

M：How much will that be?

W：Well, New York is a pretty expensive city, so each of us will get $200 a day as a bonus.

M：Oh, OK. Thanks for telling me that.

W：You’re welcome.

停顿（pause）00′02″ 重复

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（停顿时间打点）

听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。

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(Text 8)

M: Excuse me, do you mind if I sit here?

W: No, not at all. Go ahead.

M: Thank you.

W: Are you going somewhere or meeting someone?

M: I am on my way to Washington. And you?

W: I am on my way to San Francisco.

M: Really? I think San Francisco is probably the most exciting city in the US.

W: So do I. No other city has as many good restaurants or as much good music.

M: Is San Francisco your hometown?

W: I am from a very small town in Pennsylvania. I wouldn’t want to live there again. I don’t like to live in a small town very much.

M: Neither do I. But small towns have their advantages: less traffic.

W: And friendlier people. You know, I’m beginning to feel homesick. By the way, where are you from?

M: China.

W: China? But you speak English like a native speaker. What a surprise!

M: Thank you! Oh, excuse me. It’s time for my flight. Well, it’s been nice talking with you.

W: You too. Bye!

停顿（pause）00′02″ 重复

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（停顿时间打点）

听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。

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(Text 9)

W：Please sit down. Let’s see, you’re Mr. Smith, is that correct?

M：Yes, John Smith.

W：And you’re interested in this job?

M：Yes, I am. I’ll graduate from college the coming June. My major is Chinese.

W：I see. Have you ever done any work in this field?

M：Yes, I used to be a tour guide for Chinese travelers.

W：Good. Now how much money do you expect to have for a year?

M：From what I’ve read, it seems that a starting pay would be around $12,000 a year.

W：Here you would start at $10,500 for the first year — a kind of training period. Then you would

go to $15,000.

M：That sounds fair enough. What do you think are the chances for me to get a job here?

W：Well, I’m talking to three people today and four tomorrow. We’ll be hiring two people. You’ll hear from us sometime next month. Good luck and thanks for coming today.

停顿（pause）00′02″ 重复

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（停顿时间打点）

听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。

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(Text 10)

Hello, everybody. Welcome to the American Language Center. I’m Peter Riely, your academic advisor. Today is your first day at our school. Please listen very carefully because we’re going to give you a lot of important information that will make your experience here enjoyable and useful. OK, here we go.

Let me tell you about the plan for today. There are three things on your schedule. First, you will take a test. This test will measure your English level. The whole test includes listening, reading, writing and grammar. And it will take three hours. Next, you will meet in small groups with a teacher. This meeting will be about important things you need to know. This is where you can ask a lot of questions. Then, finally, this afternoon, you will take a campus tour. We’ll show you the main buildings where your classrooms are; you’ll see some of the sports facilities, you know, the tennis courts, the swimming pool, places like that; and you’ll also visit the library and the computer lab. I think you’ll be surprised how large and how beautiful our campus is. All right. Are there any questions before we begin?

停顿（pause）00′02′ 重复

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（停顿时间打点）

第二节到此结束。

现在，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

停顿（pause）02′00″

（停顿时间打点）

听力测试到此结束。

2018年甘肃省普通高等学校招生考试英语听力测试样卷（二）

注意事项：

1．本试卷共两节，满分30分，考试时间30分钟。

2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考试科目涂写在答题卡及试卷上。

3．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能写在试卷上。

4．考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A．￡19.15．      B．￡9.15．   C.￡9.18.

答案是B。

1. What will the woman order for her friend?

A．Tomato soup．

B．Beef soup．

C．Chicken soup.

2．How long does the woman want to stay in the hotel?

A．One night.

B．Two nights.

C．Three nights.

3．When will they leave for the train station?

A．At 3∶00．

B．At 4∶00．

C．At 5∶00.

4．Where does the conversation probably take place?

A．In a college.

B．In a shop.

C．In a library.

5．Why did the woman feel embarrassed?

A．Because the meal was unpleasant.

B．Because they had no topic to talk about.

C．Because she had no money to pay for the meal.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6．What happened to the man?

A．He was out of work.

B．He failed his final test.

C．He didn’t do well in his teaching.

7．How does the man feel toward the woman?

A．Grateful.

B．Friendly．

C．Disappointed．

英语听力测试 第3页 (共4页)英语听力测试 第4页 (共4页)

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8．What are the two speakers mainly talking about?

A．Work．

B．Health．

C．Wealth.

9．What is the man’s trouble?

A．He can’t go to sleep.

B．He doesn’t like his work.

C．He will lose his job.

10．What does the woman suggest the man do?

A．Take some medicine.

B. Make less money.

C．Take more exercise.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11．Why did the woman go to America?

A．To do business.

B. To learn English.

C．To visit an American school.

12．When did the woman come back from the US?

A．On July 30th.

B. On August 10th.

C．On September 10th.

13．What interested the woman about the American classes?

A．The students were quite free.

B. The teachers were kind and friendly.

C．There were a lot of activities in class.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14．What is probably the woman?

A．An actress.

B.A director.

C．A reporter.

15．How does the man like his job?

A．He likes it very much.

B .He is not interested in it.

C．He dislikes it, but he has to do it.

16．What is the man’s future plan?

A．To manage a theater.

B. To be a director.

C．To be a professor.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17．Who will be the readers of Chicken Soup for the child’s Soul?

A．Children aged between 5 and 8.

B. Children aged between 8 and 10.

C．Children aged between 10 and 15.

18．How much does the book cost online?

A．$14.00.

B.$11.20．

C．$9.60.

19．What does the book have?

A．Reallife stories．

B．Universe exploration．

C．Healthy soups for children.

20．Who will most probably buy the book?

A．Teachers．

B. Cooks．

C．Parents.

2018年甘肃省普通高等学校招生考试英语听力测试样卷（二）

听力部分录音稿

这是2018年甘肃省普通高等学校招生考试英语科听力测试。该试卷分为第一节和第二节。

注意，回答听力测试时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力测试结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。

停顿（pause）00′10″

现在是听力试音时间。

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M: Hello. International Friends Club. Can I help you?

W: Oh, hello. I read about your club in the paper today and I thought I’d phone to find out a bit more.

M: Yes, certainly, well, we’re a sort of social club for people from different countries. It’s quite a new club—we have about 50 members at the moment, but we’re growing all the time.

W: That sounds interesting. I’m British actually, and I came to Washington about three months ago. I’m looking for ways to meet people. Er, what kinds of events do you organize ?

M: Well, we have social get-togethers, and sports, and we also have language evenings.

W: Could you tell me something about the language evenings ?

M: Yes. Every day except Thursday we have a language evening. People can come and practise their language—you know, over a drink or something. We have different languages on different evenings. Monday—Spanish; Tuesday—Italian; Wednesday—German; and Friday—French. On Thursday we usually have a meal in a restaurant for anyone who wants to come.

W: Well, that sounds great. I really need to practise my French.

M: OK. Well, if you can just give me your name and address, I’ll send you the form and some more information. If you join now, you can have the first month free.

试音到此结束，听力测试正式开始。

停顿（pause）00′10″

请看听力测试第一节。

第一节

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

停顿（pause）00′02″

例如：现在你有5秒钟的时间看试卷上的例题。

停顿（pause）00′05″

你将听到以下内容：

M：Excuse me. Can you tell me how much the shirt is?

W：Yes, it’s nine pounds fifteen pence.

你有5秒钟的时间将正确答案划在试卷上。

停顿（pause）00′05″

衬衫的价格为9镑15便士，所以你选择B项，并在试卷上将其标出。

现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。

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（停顿时间打点）

(Text 1)

M：Are you ready to order?

W：Yes, please. I’ll have tomato soup to start with and my friend will have chicken soup.

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(Text 2)

M: Good morning, Grand Hotel.

W: Hello, I’d like to book a room for the nights of the 18th and 19th.

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(Text 3)

M: Linda, what’s the time now?

W: It’s 3 o’clock.

M: Your mother’s train will arrive at 4:30 pm. We’d better set off now.

W: Take it easy, Dad. Mom just called and her train will be late for 30 minutes. So we can set off in an hour.

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（停顿时间打点）

(Text 4)

W: Excuse me. Can you help me? How can I get to the Lecture Hall?

M: In fact, I’m looking for the Lecture Hall, too. I think it’s in the library. Are you a new student?

W: Yes, I am.

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（停顿时间打点）

(Text 5)

M: What’s the most embarrassing experience that you’ve ever had?

W: I once invited a respectable author to have a meal in a restaurant. We had a good chat and the meal was nice. But when we finished the meal, I found I had left my purse at home.

停顿（pause）00′10″

（停顿时间打点）

第一节到此结束。

第二节

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

停顿（pause）00′02″

听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。

停顿（pause）00′10″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 6)

M：How are you, Mrs. Branden?

W：Pretty good. How are you doing?

M：Not so good. I just lost my job today.

W：I’m sorry to hear that.

M：How are your students doing?

W：They are very nervous about their final test.

M：I remember you gave our class the hard final test in my first year of college. Many of us failed.

But I really learned a lot from you. You see, I can speak English very well now.

W：Thank you for saying so.

停顿（pause）00′02″

重复

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（停顿时间打点）

听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。

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（停顿时间打点）

(Text 7)

W: Well, there’s nothing very much wrong with you, I’m glad to say. You’re working too hard and worrying too much. Do you often take exercise?

M：No, doctor. I never have time for exercise. I go to work very early in the morning and come back very late. Then I can’t go to sleep. Can you give me some medicine to help me sleep?

W：I can, but I’m not going to. You don’t need medicine. You need advice. Don’t work so hard, because too much work is bad for you. And it’s no use worrying about your work. Take exercise every day.

M：But I may lose my job, doctor. It’s hard to get a job like mine.

W：Then find an easier one, even if you will make less money. Which do you think is more important, health or wealth?

停顿（pause）00′02″

重复

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（停顿时间打点）

听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。

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（停顿时间打点）

(Text 8)

M：Hi, Jane. It’s nice to see you again. I heard you went to the US during your course vacation.

W：Yes, I went to New York to attend a course in English.

M：Wow! You were so lucky. How long did you stay there?

W：Forty days. I went there on July 30th and came back on September 10th.

M：How about the course?

W：The course was very good. The teachers were nice and friendly. They taught us how to read, speak, and write English. I found one interesting thing about the American classes. They were different from our classes because the students there were very free. You can sit anywhere you like in the classroom. You can ask the teacher any question at any time during the class, and you are welcome to share your ideas with the class. I really like this kind of class.

M：How interesting! Maybe our teacher should try that.

停顿（pause）00′02″

重复

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（停顿时间打点）

听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。

停顿（pause）00′15″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 9)

W：Excuse me, I’m from China Daily. May I ask you some questions?

M：Sure. Go ahead.

W：I’ve heard you’re going to put on a new play soon. Could you please tell me what you do in the play?

M：OK. It’s a comedy and the director asked me to play the part of an old professor. We’re very busy practising these days.

W：How do you enjoy your work?

M：Very much, but we have to practice a lot. We practice the movements, and try to remember the

lines of the dialogue. We must work hard.

W：Where and when are you going to put on the play?

M：We’re going to put it on at the People’s Theatre next month.

W：What do you plan to do after this new play?

M：I plan to take part in a film, and also try to work as a director.

停顿（pause）00′02″

重复

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（停顿时间打点）

听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。

停顿（pause）00′20″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 10)

The values children learn now, between the ages 5 and 8, will shape the rest of their lives. Through this collection of true stories, children will see how other kids of their age have learned valuable lessons from the choices they’ve made and most of all, they will realize that they are not alone in dealing with some of the difficult problems in their lives.

Chicken Soup for the Child’s Soul is a book that can help guide children as they explore their relationships with the other children and family members, and begin to develop their own personal values. The book is priced at $14, but you can buy it online at a 20% discount. You and your children can share special times reading these real-life stories to each other, as together you explore how other children have dealt with everyday problems in healthy and positive ways. Reading Child’s Soul stories can serve as an entrance to conversations about the topics of the stories, which can create a better family and classroom communication during these exciting years of growth.

停顿（pause）00′02′

重复

停顿（pause）00′20″

（停顿时间打点）

第二节到此结束。

现在，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

停顿（pause）02′00″

（停顿时间打点）

听力测试到此结束。

2018年甘肃省普通高等学校招生考试英语听力测试样卷（三）

注意事项：

1．本试卷共两节，满分30分，考试时间30分钟。

2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考试科目涂写在答题卡及试卷上。

3．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能写在试卷上。

4．考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. ￡19.15.      B. ￡9.15.    C.￡9.18.

答案是B。

1. What are the two speakers talking about?

A. The price.      B. The direction.        C. The time.

2. What does the woman mean?

A. She will finish the photocopies in no time.

B. She can’t make the photocopies now.

C. She is too busy to make the photocopies.

3. What time does the woman usually get up on weekends?

A. At 9∶00.

B. At 12∶00.

C. At 10∶00.

4. Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. At an airport.

B. At a railway station.

C. At a department store.

5. Why did the woman fail to go swimming?

A. She was afraid to swim in the deep water.

B. She preferred playing volleyball.

C. The water was cold.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6. How long has the woman been in this area?

A. For a week.

B. For two weeks.

C. For three weeks.

7. What did the woman do yesterday?

A. She saw a movie.

B. She went to the beach.

C. She went shopping.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. Which major does the man like?

A. Chemistry.

B. Medicine.

C. American literature.

9. Who wants the woman to study medicine?

A. The man.

B. The woman’s mother.

C. The woman herself.

10. What does the man suggest the woman do?

A. Follow her mother’s advice.

B. Write while studying medicine.

C. Talk with her mother again.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?

A. Husband and wife.

B. Parents and children.

C. Teacher and student.

12. What will they buy for Anne?

A. A cap.

B. A doll.

C. A book.

13. How many children are mentioned in this dialogue?

A. Two.

B. Three.

C. Four.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14. Why was the man late for class?

A. He got up late.

B. He met with a traffic jam.

C. He didn’t catch the bus.

15. What can we know from the dialogue?

A. A car pool owns cars and sends people to work.

B. Car pool is the name of a company that helps people hire cars.

C. People who live nearby join a car pool and ride in one car.

16. How does the woman know so much about the car pool?

A. She has joined a car pool.

B. She has read about it in the paper.

C. She works in it.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What kind of English lessons does the speaker recommend?

A. Listening and speaking.

B. Reading and writing.

C. Examination skills.

18. How can a learner take the lessons when he is not online?

A. By making conversations.

B. By using the downloaded sound files.

C. By reviewing words, phrases and idioms.

19. What is the greatest advantage of the speaker’s online course?

A. It helps learners to make friends.

B. It offers learners better study methods.

C. It improves learners’ listening and speaking skills quickly.

20. What’s the speaker’s idea about learning English?

A. Learning English little by little.

B. Having clear learning goals.

C. Being confident in learning.

2018年甘肃省普通高等学校招生考试英语听力测试样卷（三）

听力部分录音稿

这是2018年甘肃省普通高等学校招生考试英语科听力测试。该试卷分为第一节和第二节。

注意，回答听力测试时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力测试结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。

现在是听力试音时间。

M: Hello. International Friends Club. Can I help you?

W: Oh, hello. I read about your club in the paper today and I thought I’d phone to find out a bit more.

M: Yes, certainly, well, we’re a sort of social club for people from different countries. It’s quite a new club—we have about 50 members at the moment, but we’re growing all the time.

W: That sounds interesting. I’m British actually, and I came to Washington about three months ago. I’m looking for ways to meet people. Er, what kinds of events do you organize?

M: Well, we have social get-togethers, and sports, and we also have language evenings.

W: Could you tell me something about the language evenings?

M: Yes. Every day except Thursday we have a language evening. People can come and practise

their language—you know, over a drink or something. We have different languages on different

evenings. Monday—Spanish; Tuesday—Italian; Wednesday—German; and Friday—French. On Thursday we usually have a meal in a restaurant for anyone who wants to come.

W: Well, that sounds great. I really need to practise my French.

M: OK. Well, if you can just give me your name and address, I’ll send you the form and some more information. If you join now, you can have the first month free.

试音到此结束，听力测试正式开始。

请看听力测试第一节。

第一节

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

停顿（pause）00′02″

例如：现在你有5秒钟的时间看试卷上的例题。

停顿（pause）00′05″

你将听到以下内容：

M：Excuse me. Can you tell me how much the shirt is?

W：Yes, it’s nine pounds fifteen pence.

你有5秒钟的时间将正确答案划在试卷上。

停顿（pause）00′05″

衬衫的价格为9镑15便士，所以你选择B项，并在试卷上将其标出。

现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。

停顿（pause）00′05″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 1)

M: Excuse me. Does this bus go to Zhongshan Street?

W: Sorry. I’m a stranger here myself. Please ask the conductor.

停顿（pause）00′10″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 2)

M: Can I have five photocopies of this, please? How much is a copy?

W: It’s ten pence a copy, but I’m afraid the machine’s out of order at the moment.

停顿（pause）00′10″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 3)

M: Let’s go to the park on Sunday. What about nine o’clock?

W: Er… Let’s not go that early. I usually get up at ten on weekends.

M: Oh, that isn’t very late. I get up at noon!

停顿（pause）00′10″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 4)

M: We’d better hurry. I think that’s our flight.

W: Have I got time to get a newspaper?

M: Well, I don’t think we have time. Look…

W: All right, well, you take that bag, and I’ll take this one.

停顿（pause）00′10″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 5)

M: Did you go swimming?

W: I wanted to. They said the weather was fine, but the water wasn’t warm enough for that until a couple of months from now.

M: It all sounds nice. I wish I could get away to the beach like that.

停顿（pause）00′05″

（停顿时间打点）

第一节到此结束。

第二节

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

停顿（pause）00′02″

听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。

停顿（pause）00′10″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 6)

M: Hi, madam, I have never seen you in this area.

W: I’ve been here for only a week.

M: Really? Welcome. What have you been doing during this past week?

W: I haven’t done much of anything. I don’t know what I can do here.

M: You can do plenty of things. You can go shopping, go to the beach, or even see a movie.

W: I just did some shopping yesterday.

M: You’ll be familiar with everything here in two or three weeks.

停顿（pause）00′02″ 重复

停顿（pause）00′10″

（停顿时间打点）

听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。

停顿（pause）00′15″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 7)

W: Have you chosen your major?

M: Yes, you know I always like chemistry. How about you?

W: My mom wants me to study medicine in college. But I don’t like it.

M: Then what do you want to study?

W: American literature. I have always wanted to be a famous writer in the future.

M: Then tell your mom what you really like. I’m sure she’ll support you.

W: I have tried, but it doesn’t work.

M: Then try again. You are a smart girl. I’m sure you’ll make it.

停顿（pause）00′02″ 重复

停顿（pause）00′15″

（停顿时间打点）

听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。

停顿（pause）00′15″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 8)

W: John, do you realize Children’s Day is only a month away?

M: Right, we should think about gifts for children.

W: Yes, they have dreamed for long and I don’t want to disappoint them.

M: Shall we send them all this year?

W: Of course. Let’s make a list and then decide what to choose for them.

M: What about a cap for Anne? Or a doll may be better?

W: She’s getting too grown-up for toys.

M: Right, we can choose a book for her.

W: Very well. Now what about Dick?

M: He thinks about nothing but football nowadays.

W: Oh, that makes it easy. We can give him a new football, right?

M: That’s an excellent idea. He’ll be quite excited.

W: What about David? He is five years old now.

M: He’s fond of toy cars. Perhaps toy trains?

W: Good idea. When shall we go shopping for them?

M: What about this afternoon?

停顿（pause）00′02″ 重复

停顿（pause）00′15″

（停顿时间打点）

听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。

停顿（pause）00′15″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 9)

M: I was half an hour late for work today. I hardly got up late, but there is just too much early morning traffic.

W: You’re right. There are too many cars on the road, and the buses are always crowded. More people need a car pool.

M: Car pool?

W: Yeah, you know a group of people ride to work together in one car.

M: Oh! I thought a car pool had something to do with a pool. But it is interesting. Anyway, that’s a good idea. Could you tell me how to join a car pool?

W: Well, there is a special phone number you can tell. You leave a message with your address and phone number and someone calls you back with the names and phone numbers of other people in your area who want a car pool.

M: How do you know so much about this car pool system, Nancy?

W: Me? I called the number five years ago. Car pooling is a great way to go to work.

停顿（pause）00′02″ 重复

停顿（pause）00′15″

（停顿时间打点）

听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。

停顿（pause）00′20″

（停顿时间打点）

(Text 10)

Hello. My name is John. I’m an English teacher. I have started a website to help you improve English listening and speaking skills as quickly as possible. My online lessons take just 5 to 10 minutes to complete each day. There are no advertisements to take your attention away. You can download the sound files to your computer and exercise them and take your lessons again anytime. I have designed the online course as a very easy, cheap and quick way to improve your listening, speaking and conversation skills and your listening scores in English exams. Every day, you will learn some new English vocabulary, idioms and phrasal verbs. And you will feel more confident in working and making friends in English. You’ll also learn correct English pronunciation. I always make sure my online lessons are short, interesting and easy to remember. My idea of learning English is that it is best for you to learn a little each day. This idea doesn’t mean a new method but a concept you may accept, whether you are taking other English classes or not, and no matter what method you use. I can help you to achieve your English learning goals.

停顿（pause）00′02′ 重复

停顿（pause）00′20″

（停顿时间打点）

第二节到此结束。

现在，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

停顿（pause）02′00″

（停顿时间打点）

听力测试到此结束。

第二部分 高考听力测试应试技巧及训练策略

一、听力应试技巧

考生具备相应的知识以后，高考听力考试的障碍主要出现在两个方面：一是能力因素。考生被录音材料牵着鼻子走，接受信息的速度跟不上谈话的语速，错过关键信息词，听完后把握不住要旨。二是心理因素。高考结果分析反映，听力测试的前五题丢分较多，这是因为在考听力时，考生似乎进入状态比较晚，心情烦燥不安，注意力不能集中，还没等听出个头绪就结束了。一旦开头有听不懂的部分，有的考生马上就会心慌，导致后面的问题也听不懂。答题思路不对也是丢分的重要原因。高考听力并不是重在细节，更不重在语法，而是重在对应（matching），只要听懂对话的大概内容，就能根据常识和逻辑分析，运用排除方法得出正确答案。为此，听力考试必须听、读、记结合进行：第一步迅速阅读题干和选项，第二步静听录音、记住要点，第三步结合人物、时空、话题及背景推出正确答案。此外，听力能力测试有心理、瞬时、信息三个方面的效应，决定听力能力高低的关键在于能否尽快理解所听材料的内在联系，领会其大意，抓住其重点。当然，听力测试也有一些应试技巧，以求得考试状态最佳、应试更娴熟。因此，考生应掌握以下几种听力应试技巧：

1）安定情绪，集中注意力。

听力测试在检测考生正确理解口头交际语言能力的同时，也是对考生心理素质水平的检测。考生需要稳定心理才能沉着应答，发挥出正常的水平。而过于紧张焦急的情绪容易产生恐惧心理，有碍正常发挥，使听力反应速度变慢、把握信息的准确度会大打折扣。所以听之前（或发卷时）考生首先要安定情绪，排除杂念，集中精力，全身放松，保持最佳竞技状态，把注意力全部集中在听音之上，做到充满信心，沉着冷静。同时可做一点放松活动（比如做几次深呼吸、闭目养神、整理试卷等）借此调整心态，以便轻松、愉快、主动地进入答题状态。

2）掠读题目，预测听力内容。

利用试卷分发后和介绍每一节试题做法和播放每段对话或独白前的5—10秒钟的时间，及时、迅速地掠读题干和选项；根据题干中的语言信息，预测对话或短文的语境、大意、人物身份等可能涉及到的内容；比较三个选项的异同，特别注意各选项中重复出现的词汇，从重复词入手，预测听的内容，并且可以确定听的关键（重复词以外的信息）；这样听录音时就能做到有的放矢，有所侧重，提高答题的准确率。

3）听准关键词，把握整体意义。

听录音材料时，注意力一定要集中在整体内容的理解上，重在听懂每句话的意思和内涵，不要强求听清每一个单词，而要抓住要点，联系前后内容，理解主旨大意，同时要特别倾听与所设置的问题相关的信息。在听的时候，切忌纠缠在一两个没有听清楚的单词或陌生词语上，以致错失后面要听的对话和语篇的内容。听不清时应马上放弃，要注重句子和短文的整体内容，抓住重点词语和要点，一边听一边把要点及回答问题的关键词记下来。前面遇到听不懂的地方可暂时放过，听好后面的内容，集中精力抓住后面的信息，坚持“弃前保后、弃小保大、弃车保帅”的原则。

4）眼耳并用，动笔记录。

听录音时，仅凭大脑的短时记忆是不够的，如在听第六到第十段长对话或独白时，考生不可能记住录音材料中涉及到的全部信息，特别是一些数据、时间、地点、人名等。所以考生就应做到耳听、眼读、脑思和手划同时进行。有必要时，考生还要对一些非常重要且易忘记的信息做速记。速记时要遵循的原则是简单、易懂、快捷。可采用字母、缩写、符号、汉字等形式，如数词用阿拉伯数字记录、地点、人名用代号、长词用缩写、长句抓住关键词等等，具体形式因时而异，因人而异。记录时要有重点、有技巧。要迅速捕捉文中所涉及的人物（who）、事件（what）、时间（when，what time）、地点（where）、原因（why）、方式（how）、程度（how long，how soon，how often，how much）、数字（how many／how much）、选择（which…）等信息，注意记笔记要抓关键词，若特别有把握处，亦可不记，以免浪费时间。

5）保持良好心态，沉着应对。

听力题虽然要求在限定的时间内完成，但不要紧张，因为只有心态平静，才能听的清、辩的明，才能最大限度地调动大脑的潜能。过分紧张不利于捕捉声音的信息，会使自己产生畏惧心理，考试时就会降低听力反应的速度和准确率，影响正常水平的发挥。 听音时，要注意抓住问题，因为问题是解答考题的关键所在。抓住问题，把捕捉到的有关信息进行优化处理。对自己有把握的试题快速作答；不会作答的，立即暂时搁置，准备听新的题目。一定要克服犹豫不决、优柔寡断的毛病，使整个答题过程更加顺畅。凡有听不清之处，要当机立断，猜测一处答案或放弃，立刻转入下一题，千万不要过多纠缠，以致影响做后面题的情绪并且错过后面的内容。听完每一段录音后，要前后联系，利用后面听到的信息补充前面漏听或有疑问的信息，并对听前、听中的预测、判断加以推理、分析、修正，以使理解的准确性更高。要相信自己，答案选定后一般不要随意改动。要用点面结合、点面互补的办法，全面复查。对听懂的部分，要确认；对听不清的地方，要用已知推出未知。

二、听力训练策略

听力理解是一种由多项能力共同参与的复杂活动，如辨音能力，确定背景、预测信息范围的能力，认定各信息之间语法尤其是逻辑关系的能力，以及同时存贮和加工多条信息的能力等交织而成的综合能力。听能不是孤立的能力，它和说、朗读、阅读、写作、记忆等方面的能力是密切相关的，提高听能的基本方法就是听力训练。有效的听力训练是培养与提高听力理解能力最重要的过程和最关键的环节。训练应力求做到以下几点：

1）了解文化背景，熟悉日常交际。

掌握文化背景知识有助于考生对不同语境和场景中发生的事件及其前因后果进行推断。所以考生要尽量了解英语国家背景知识，认真梳理并熟悉在特定情景中的语言交际的场合及功能，消除在风俗习惯的差异方面的听力理解障碍。 要注意拓宽知识面，尤其是要了解英美文化方面的常识，如交际礼仪、生活习俗等（中学阶段共有41项日常交际用语项目）。

除此之外，考生平时要进行广泛的阅读，增加词汇量和西方背景知识；要熟记有关日常生活等话题方面的词语、习惯表达及用语，尽可能多地了解英美及其他各国的文化历史，科学发展、生活习俗，风土人情等方面的知识，提高选择判断能力。

2）要有扎实的语法功底。

第一、语音知识不容忽视。应培养语音技能。正确的发音是进行语言交流的前提，所以要过好音标关。学好音标是学好英语的前提，音标基础的好坏决定了语音、语调的好坏，语音基础打好了，对提高听力水平无疑会起到事半功倍之效。还要注意朗读技巧的训练和培养。平时课上课下应有意识地注意学习和练习诸如语句重音、节奏、音变、连读以及语调等知识。

听力能力的提高还必须建立在良好的辨音能力的基础上，考生必须有很好的语音知识，要能正确区分单词的重读、弱读、爆破及失去爆破，要能辨别句子的连读、节奏以及语调等发音技巧方面的变化，还要尽可能熟悉各种人的音调以及轻重缓急、喜怒哀乐、个体差异等口语特征。

第二，要科学、大量地记忆单词。任何一门语言的学习都离不开词汇的学习和积累，词汇学习要边学边记，最有效的方法是根据读音规则来识记。要努力扩大词汇量。尤其要扩大日常生活词汇和口语词汇，并在此基础上建立有声词库，排除非通过视觉渠道不能提取词汇的语言障碍。

第三，要注意学习必不可少的语法知识。熟练运用语法规则是理解的基础。积累一定量的语法知识，如：it的用法、连词的用法、非谓语动词的用法、主谓一致以及否定转移、倒装语序等,则会使听力水平更上一个台阶。

第四，掌握一定量的词汇及相关语义是理解一篇听力录音的前提,增加词汇量是克服听力词汇障碍的一个重要手段,所以考生要通过各种手段扩大自己的词汇量并掌握它们的语义。

3）重视培养良好的听音习惯和听力解题技巧。

平时做题大家往往有这样一种感觉，听力内容不难但做起题来没把握。问题就出在听力解题技巧达不到要求或平时没有养成良好的听的习惯。应试技巧有别于语言知识，它可以通过训练在短时间内掌握。即使在听不懂题目内容时，也有可能根据应试技巧或题型特征，及时做出正确的判断，选出正确的答案。那么，如何提高这方面的能力呢？第一，学会听前快速浏览习题，捕捉一切可以从题面上得到的消息。第二，专心致志，抓住要点，联系前后内容，理解主旨大意。在听的时候，不管是听几遍，都不可掉以轻心。要注重句子和短文的整体内容，抓住重点词语和要点，不要强求听清每一个单词。可根据预览效果以及听到内容来捕捉正确答案的有关信息。第三，眼耳并用，动笔记录。记录时要有重点、有技巧。边听边记的习惯要坚持平时培养，考试时才能得心应手。第四，结合人物、时空、话题及背景推出正确答案。另外，我们在听录音时，一般会听到一些同音词，这时，大家切忌不要用过长的时间去思考该词到底是哪一个，而应该根据上下文的意思和所提问题猜出此词。否则，你就会失去许多宝贵的时间，影响甚至不能听清接下来的录音，从而失去能轻易得分的题目。

4）精听与泛听相结合。

精听就是在高度集中精力的情况下尽量把所听到的语言材料完全听懂，泛听指广泛地听各种不同类型的风格和不同来源渠道的声音材料，在听力训练时，要力求做到精听与泛听相结合，课上精听，课下泛听，精听抓“质”，泛听抓“量”。在听力训练的过程中，大家应该注意用精听来提高准确率，然而有些同学在做此方面的专项训练时，却没有好好地把握。他们一遇到难度较高的录音时，便“自然”地去看后面的听力材料。倘若长期这样做的话，只会事倍功半，即使较别人花费了更多的时间、精力和心血，也是徒劳。泛听是指在理解了材料的基础上进行，它可以很好地培养大家的听感。一些适合中学生的听力录音磁带，如对话、短文、短剧、故事、歌曲等，都可作为泛听的材料。听过的材料可以多听几遍，不能一味喜新厌旧。课文录音可在早晨起床或饭前饭后听，听时不必太过紧张，听的意识也不必那么浓。泛听的材料要听1-3遍，听的时候认真程度可以灵活把握。

精听一般由老师组织，但个人也可配置适量的听力训练材料，有计划、有步骤地训练，收获会很大。要注意听的方法和技巧，答题之后要反思得失。精听过的东西再反复听，就成为泛听，次数多了，其中的“营养”就进了大脑。精听的另一层含义是边听边做听写，这有助于增强语感。精听与泛听，在不同时期有所侧重，而在适当时期有效结合，听力水平就会大大提高。

5）集中训练与分散训练相结合。

听力训练应贯彻于每个教学环节中，每周定时抽出一定时间集中进行听力训练；“常”听但不“长”听。多听在于经常听而不在于一时长时间地听，如果长时间干同一件事情，会令人感到疲乏，效果不会很好。反之，如果经常干某一件事，即使每一次的时间都不很长，也会加深记忆，起到事半功倍的效果。因此，每次集中听半个小时较好，隔一定时间再听。大家也可以利用一些“零碎”的课外时间去训练，如：课间休息、早晨起床到到校学习这一段时间，洗衣服时等。随着时间的推移，那地地道道的英语会逐步培养出你的语感，促进你的听力理解能力的提高，才会达到预期的效果。

6）重视日常学习中的听力训练。

每个考生都要注意，提高听力不是靠十天半个月就能做到的。这要靠平时的训练和积累，因此首先要合理利用教材,进行规范训练。教材中有着科学的同步英语听力测试,在每个单元的训练中，应当好好地把握和合理利用。同时还应努力适应教师用英语上课和组织教学，养成良好的听说英语的习惯，把握住每一次练习听说的机会，全身心地投入。通过积极参与课堂上的听说活动，争取表现自己的机会，从而提高自己语言学习的自信心与听音辨音及语言表达的能力，只有平时养成全神贯注的好习惯，考试时才不会走神。另外，在平常的教学过程中，经常有同学说老师上课讲的英语能听懂，也能够顺利地听懂课文朗读材料，但遇到听力考试中正规的录音磁带里的听力材料，听起来就感觉有些吃力。这说明英语课上老师所讲的英语和课文朗读材料与英语国家人士所讲的英语有差异，考试中的语言材料是几近真实背景中的对话，语言地道，事先不能准备，眼睛帮不上忙。考试听力和平时上课老师所讲英语主要的差距还在于：弱读、同化、连读、音素的省略、失去爆破、声音的轻重和语调变化等方面。因此，课后学生还应充分利用各种机会接触英语国家的人士和英语，或通过使用英美国家人士朗读的比较正规和高质量的听力训练材料等，每天坚持自主开展20-30分钟的听力训练，尽量熟悉不同英语人士的语音、语调，使英语词句的字形信息与声音信息一并进入大脑。另外，为了能正确理解对方讲话内容，平时要在自己的语音、语调上下工夫，力求准确，并训练自己从头至尾对声音信息在大脑中的储存能力，学会抓关键词、关键句，从而提高听力水平。

7）听、说、读、写相结合。

听力不是孤立的，听说是一个整体。听和说都是对大脑感官的刺激，是相辅相成的，因此，听说要并举。如在听完一段录音材料后可以就所听材料进行复述，把听与说有机结合起来，以说促听。

另外，听说与读写也应当糅为一体。把多听与多讲、多读、多写结合起来，有助于打实基础，因为提高综合运用英语的能力是提高听力的前提。另外大声朗读可以使考生纠正自己的发音，提高朗读技巧，培养语感。限时快速默读可以扩大考生的词汇量，提高阅读速度。听写，是听力训练中要求较高的一种形式，考生平时可对所学材料的部分段落进行听写，这样既训练听的精确度及写的速度，又可培养拼写单词及遣词造句的能力，不失为一种好的训练方法。另外，还可将听过的内容凭感觉默写下来，形成书面表达能力。阅读面广就会有丰富的词汇量和坚实的语感，对听力提高也大有裨益。

8）做好听后纠正工作。

训练时，对内容简单的听力材料或题目一般听2—3遍为宜，但对一些较难理解或较灵活、容易出错的内容或题目则应多听几遍，并分析难懂及产生错误的原因，切实做好听后纠正工作，这样有利于提高自己的听力水平和能力。

9）就薄弱环节进行专门训练。

在平时的学习中，应有针对性地进行一些薄弱环节的专门训练：如何掌握所听材料的主旨和大意，以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实与细节；如何能既听懂单词的意思，又理解通过语调升降、意群停顿、逻辑重音等表示的意思，进而推断全篇对话或说话人的态度、意图；既能根据听到的材料所提供的信息去理解，也能结合材料以外的常识去理解等等。

10）加强听力教学，开展第二课堂。

在课堂教学中老师应尽量用英语教学，安排好听力训练，在有限的时间内让学生得到足够的口语听力训练；同时多开展英语学习活动，利用好第二课堂，增加学生接触鲜活英语的机会，比如听英语磁带、英语歌曲、英语广播、英语演讲，看原版电影、英语学习片， 参加英语角、英语晚会、英语沙龙等，让学生体会到英语学习当中的无限乐趣。

总之，听应有法，但无定法，贵在得法。一般说来，高考听力题难度不会很大，只要平时打好词汇基础，坚持多听，加强有针对性的训练，高考中就定能发挥出最佳水平，取得满意效果。

三、高考英语听力核心话题与词汇

日常谈话，无论谈及什么话题都会用到相关的词汇。熟悉某一特定话题所涉及的相关词汇有助于理解谈话内容。下面按话题将词汇分类。

一)日常生活

living-room, kitchen, bathroom, bath, brush teeth, mirror, clothes, dress, umbrella, shower, factory, office, bank, wallet, rent, haircut, birthday, go to the cinema, film, housework, tidy, sweep, cook, furniture, fridge, table, chair, radio, television, watch television, tired, bed, make the bed, go to bed…

二)学校生活

education, kindergarten, school, institute, college, university, grade, junior, senior, graduate, degree, professor, teacher, student, monitor, pupil, librarian, office, lab, library, dining-room, playground, classroom, chalk, ink, lecture, course, subject, lesson, mathematics, geography, history, biology, chemistry, physics, politics…

三）兴趣与爱好

favorite, interested in, be fond of, poem, novel, music, piano, sports, computer games, collect stamps, collect coins, film, watch TV, listen to the radio…

四）家庭、朋友与周围的人

home, family, granny, parent, father, dad, mother, mum, husband, wife, child, son, daughter, brother, sister, aunt, uncle, cousin, nephew, niece, twin, people, friend, guest, neighbors…

五）工作与职业

company, factory, employ, labor, work, job, actor, actress, player, manager, clerk, worker, engineer, scientist, merchant, business, professor, headmaster, teacher, student, servant, waiter, waitress, boss, secretary, doctor, nurse, patient, shop assistant, customer, driver, conductor, guide, passenger, reporter, writer, artist, poet, musician, pianist, painter, pilot, soldier, policeman, lawyer, housewife, cook, farmer, peasant, tailor, gardener, operator, typist, postman…

六）购物

go shopping, market, shop, store, bookstore, money, bill, dollar, pound, quantity, quality, weigh, size, price, expensive, cheap, dear, worth, save, charge, bargain, sale, buy, pay, cost, spend, change, borrow, lend, clothes, shoes…

七）饮食

food, sandwich, bread, cake, beef, hot dogs, butter, cheese, ham, biscuit, soup, chicken, fish, rice, chocolate, egg, meat, drink, milk, water, coffee, tea, wine, beer, vegetable, potato, fruit, tomato, orange, oil, salt, pork, spoon, fork, knife, dish, plate, meal, breakfast, lunch, supper, dinner, delicious, thirsty, hungry, full, restaurant, order, serve, menu, taste…

八）假日

holiday, vacation, New Year’s Day, Women’s Day, April Fool’s Day, Children’s Day, National Day, Teachers’ Day, Thanks-giving Day, Christmas…

九）文娱与体育

game, Olympic Games, match, sports meeting, team, football, basketball, volley-ball, table tennis, tennis, swim, skate, race, run, jump, chess, ticket, film, cinema, club, theatre, concert, dance, music, piano, violin…

十）健康

body, head, forehead, face, mouth, tongue, brain, tooth, eye, nose, ear, neck, throat, shoulder, arm, hand, finger, nail, chest, heart, lung, stomach, waist, back, leg, knee, foot, ankle, bone, temperature, pulse, breath, disease, ill, sick, trouble, cold, fever, ache, cough, sneeze, sweat, pain, hurt, treat, cure, recover, operation, medicine, hospital, clinic, doctor, nurse, patient, health, fit, blind, deaf…

十一）周围环境

environment, nature, continent, river, lake, hill, mountain, valley, rock, desert, forest, island, land, ocean, sea, beach, city, building, factory, country, farm, village, garden, park, flower, tree, grass, plant, crop, pollution, noise, fire, rubbish, flood, earthquake, population, animal, space, sun, moon, star, planet…

十二）天气

season, weather, sunny, fine, clear, sunshine, cloud, cloudy, wind, rain, storm, thunder, lightning. Shower, snow, fog, flood, wet, temperature, hot, warm, cold, cool

十三）旅行与交通

abroad, tour, travel, trip, journey, bicycle, car, voyage, plane, ship, taxi, boat, truck, flight, lorry, luggage, map, ticket, hotel, crossing, traffic light, street, road, railway, station, airport, highway, direction, left, right, straight, ahead, north, south, east, west, drive, kill, jam, camp, picnic, tent, police, stranger, passenger…

十四）学习

subject, class, course, lesson, biology, chemistry, composition, computer, law, language, maths, physics, teach, study, learn, review, write, read, knowledge, text, exercise, dictation, examination, test, fail, pass, experiment, book, diary, dictionary, ink, magazine, rubber, newspaper, paper, pen, pencil, rule