高中英语13个语法考点归纳

时间：2018-11-07作者：回忆苦心里面一键复制全文保存为WORD

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高中英语必考的语法是什么

1、as 句型

(1) as引导方式状语从句句型：“按照……;正如……”

例：As(it is)in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.

正如(像) 你们国家一样，我们北方种植小麦，南方种植水稻。

(2) as+形容词/副词原级+(a /an)+名词+as ;

否定式：not as/so --- as

例：He is as good a player as his sister.

他和他姐姐一样是位优秀的运动员。

(3) such + n. + as to do 如此……以致于……

例：She is such a fool as to believe what he said.

她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。

(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……

例：He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.

他是如此的强壮以致于能提起那重箱子。

(5) such...as... 象……之类的…… (接名词或定语从句)

例：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.

他希望成为一个像雷锋这样的人。

(6) the same +名词+as 和……一样的…… (接名词或定语从句)

例：He is not the same man as he used to be.

他不是从前的那样子了。

(7) as 引导非限制性定语从句

例：As is known to us, knowledge is power.

众所周知，知识就是力量。

(8)引导时间状语从句，与while意义相近

例：We get wiser as we get older.

随着我们长大，我们也变得越来越聪明。

(9) 引导原因状语从句，与 because的用法相近

例：As it was getting very late, we soon turned back.

因为越来越迟了，所以我们不久就回来了。

(10) 引导让步状语从句

例：Child as he is, he knows much about science.

尽管他是一个小孩，但他对科学了解得很多。

2、prefer 句型

(1) prefer to do sth

例：I prefer to stay at home.

我宁愿呆在家里。

(2) prefer doing sth

例：I prefer playing in defence.

我喜欢打防守。

(3) prefer sb to do sth

例：Would you prefer me to stay?

你愿意我留下来吗?

(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……

宁愿…...而不愿...

例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.

我宁愿呆在家里而不愿出去.

(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth

例：I prefer watching football to playing it.

我喜欢看篮球，不喜欢打篮球。

(6) prefer sth to sth

例：I prefer tea to coffee.

我要茶不要咖啡。

3、when 句型

(1) be doing sth...when...

例：He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.

他正笑着的时候门突然开了，他妻子走了进来。

(2) be about to do sth ... when ...

例：We were about to start when it began to rain.

我们刚要出发，天就开始下雨了。

(3) had just done ... when ...

例：I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang.

在劳累了一天之后我刚刚就寝，电话铃就响了。

4、seem 句型

(1) It +seems + that从句

例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied.

看来好像每个人都很满意。

(2) It seems to sb that ...

例：It seems to me that she is right.

我看她是对的，

(3) There seems to be ...

例：There seems to be a heavy rain.

看上去要有一场大雨。

(4) It seems as if ...

例：It seemed that she couldn't come to class.

看样子她不能来上课了。

5、表示“相差……;增加了……;增加到……”句型

(1) She is taller than I by three inches.

她比我高三英寸

(2) There is one year between us.

我们之间相差一岁。

(3) She is three years old than I.

她比我大三岁。

(4) They have increased the price by 50%.

他们把价格上涨了50%

(5) His salary has rised to 10,000 yuan per month.

他的工资已经涨到了每月10,000元。

6、what 引导的名词性从句

(1) what 引导主语从句

例：What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.

让我吃惊的是每个人似乎对她都很冷淡。

[ indifferent adj.不关心的;冷漠的]

(2) what 引导宾语从句

例：We can learn what we do not know.

我们能学会我们不懂的东西。

(3) what 引导表语从句

例：That is what I want.

那正是我所要的。

(4) what 引导同位语从句

例：I have no idea what they are talking about.

我不知道他们正在谈论什么。

7、too句型

(1) too ... to do ...

例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians.(=Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians.)

政治太重要了，不能由政治家来决定。

(2) only too ... to do ...

例：I shall be only too pleased to get home.

我要回到家里就非常高兴。

(3) too + adj + for sth

例：These shoes are much too small for me.

我穿这双鞋太小了。

(4) too + adj + a + n.

例：This is too difficult a text for me.

这篇课文对我来说太难了。

(5) can't … too +形容词无论……也不为过

例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

8、where 句型

(1) where 引导的定语从句

例：This is the house where he lived last year.

这就是他去年住过的房子。

(2) where 引导的状语从句

例：Where there is a will，there is a way.

有志者事竟成。

He left his key where he could find.

他将钥匙放在易找到的地方。

I will go where I want to go.

我要去我想去的地方。

(3) where 引导的表语从句

例：This is where you are wrong.

这正是你错的地方。

9、wish 句型

(1) wish that sb did sth 希望某人现在做某事

例：I wish I were as strong as you.

我希望和你一样强壮。

(2) wish that sb had done sth 希望某人过去做某事

例： I wish you had told me earlier

要是你早点告诉我就好了。

(3) wish that sb would/could do sth 希望某人将来做某事

例：I wish you would succeed this time.

我希望你这次会成功。

11、 before 句型

(1) would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做……而不愿做……

例：She would rather die than turn against his motherland.

她宁可死也不去背叛祖国。

(2) would rather have done sth 宁愿过去做过某事

例：I would rather have taken his advice.

我宁愿过去接受他的意见。

(3) would rather sb had done sth 宁愿某人过去做过某事

例：I would rather I had passed the examination last week.

我真希望通过上星期的考试。

(4) would rather sb did sth 宁愿某人现在或将来做某事

例： Who would you rather went with you?

你宁愿谁和你一起去?

(1) before sb can/ could … 某人还没来得及……

例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me.

我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。

(2) It will be +时间+ before + 还有多长时间……

例：It will be 4 years before he graduates.

他还有四年时间变毕业了。

(3) had done some time before (才……)

例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.

我们航行了四天四夜才见到陆地。

(4) had not done ... before ... 不到……就……

例：We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.

我们还没走到一英里路就觉得累了。

(5) It was not +一段时间+ before 不多久就……

例：It wasn’t two years before he left the country.

还没到两年他们离开了那国家。

13、用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的句型

(1) It is /was +被强调部分+that(who)...

例：It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday.

是我昨天给我叔叔写信的。

(2) Is/was it + 被强调部分 + that (who) ...

例：Was it your brother that you met in the street?

在街上你遇见的是你兄弟吗?

(3) Where/who/what/how等特殊疑问词 + is/was it that ...

例：How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?

明天你究竟怎样去看望她?

(4) do/does/did +谓语动词 (强调谓语)

例：They do know the place well.

他们的确很熟悉那个地方。

(1)would like to/ would love to have done sth.

例：I would like to have written to you.

我本想给你写信的。

(2) was / were going to do sth.(用过去将来时态表示原打算做什么)

例：Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.

Lucy 原打算看一场篮球比赛。

高考英语语法重点归纳重点

一．非谓语动词

一）不定式的常考形式：

1) 一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.

被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.

语法功能：表示与谓语动词同步发生

2) 完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me.

被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages.

语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前

二）不定式常考的考点：

1）不定式做定语----将要发生

2）不定式做状语----目的

3）不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe.

三)不定式的省略

1)感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel

+ do 表示动作的完整性，真实性；

+ doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性

I saw him work in the garden yesterday.

昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)

I saw him working in the garden yesterday.

昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）

" 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable.

2) 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原to

I 'd like to have John do it.

I have my package weighed.

Paul doesn't have to be made to learn.

3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do

四)有些动词后只跟不定式如：

want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer，decide，agree，expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do

force sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to do

be ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do

We agreed _______ here，but so far she hasn't turned up yet．（NMET

1995）

A．having met B．meeting C．to meet D．to have met （Key：C）

五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式

accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to.

二. 动名词：具有动作性特征的名词

1)是名词 seeing is believing

2)具有动词性特征可以带宾语 starving troops is necessary.

一)动名词的形式:

一般形式：I don't like you smoking.

完成形式：I regret not having taken your advice.

被动形式：This question is far from being settled.

二) 动名词常考的点

1)动名词做主语谓语动词为单数

2)在动名词和不定式中,做为介词的宾语是动名词

3)动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语.

I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon．（MET 1992）

A．you to call B．you call C．you calling D．you're calling（Key：C your calling 也对）

I regret not having taken your advice.

4)有些词后只能接动名词

admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...

另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法：

it's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the use/point...

三、一致关系

一)主谓一致

1．主谓一致（与插入语无关）

1主谓的分隔原则：主谓之间可以用定语从句或者省略的定语从句分隔。

2定语从句中的主谓一致：

3随前一致：

n. + together with n2

as well as

including

along with

with / of

accompanied with / by

4就近原则：n1 or n2 +v（就近原则）

either n1 or n2

5可数n1 and 可数n2+v(pl)

不可数n1 and 不可数n2+v(pl)

例外：war and peace is… war and peace是一个整体

但是如果主语表示的是同一个概念，同一人，同一事的时候，谓语动词用单数，这种结构的特征是and连接的两个词只有一个冠词。

The iron and steel industry is very important to our country.

The head master and mathematical teacher is coming.

The head master and the mathematical teacher are coming.

类似的还有：law and order bread and

butter black and white

To love and to be loved is …

A lawyer and a teacher are…

A lawyer and teacher is …

6随后原则：not A but B / not only A but also B+v.(与B一致)

7百分比结构：most , half , rest , some , majority , one+persent

of+n1+v.（由n1决定

8倒装结构的主谓一致：

a）There be +n 由名词决定动词

b）Among , between等介词位于句首引起倒装结构：

Among / Between …+系动词+n. （由名词决定动词）

9The+adj的主谓一致：

a）当表示"一类人"，

b）当表示某一抽象概念时

The good is always attractive.

10 To do/doing/主从+vs

*More than one+n

many a +n.

a day or two

学好高中语法的窍门

首先先你要端正心态，不要急躁，，你做你自己的事，这样才能静下心来学习。要成为英语高手就必须比别人走更多的路，做更多的事。你应该明白一个事实，英语是单词和语法的综合，所以单词和语法都要拿下。

其次，对于单词，有如下几种方法，第一个，是加强记忆的频度，也就是说，早上记了几个，隔几个小时又看一次，总之一天之内，记忆的间隔不要太长，否则你辛苦积累的记忆会随着时间的延长而淡化，第二个，是可以根据自己的理解编顺口溜，比如good morning 是狗摸你…（见笑了）…，第三个，最重要的是，记单词的时候，不要忘了阅读，一边记单词，一边看文章，这样可以把孤立的单词串联起来，记忆的效果会加倍，第四个。

我建议你记单词要分门别类记忆，要形成一个意群，比如，重要性用magnitude magnificence ，表示非常，大大地有exceedingly，tremendously，extremely……这样做在你写作时，是十分有好处的，写作时不要尽写一些低级词汇，你要写高级词汇，比如重要性写magnitude，许多写a multitude of 或者handsome。