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七种英语基本句型及例子

1.主—动—补结构(SVC)。

此种结构中的动词皆是连系动词。连系动词带有的主语补语可以是名词词组。形容词词组。介词词组。非限定动词词组或名词性分句等。例如:

The twin are as like as two pears.

She is in good health.

It is getting dark.

The machine is out of order.

2.主—动(SV)结构。

此种结构中的动词一般是不及物动词,在这种句型中,状语并非是结构上不可或缺的成分。例如:

He lives in Shanghai.

We get up early every day.

The train leaves at eight.

They have been singing for half an hour.

3.主—动—宾结构(SVO)。

此种结构中的动词都是及物动词,这类动词后面一般只跟一个宾语,因此也叫做单宾语及物动词(monotransitive verb),该句型一般不需状语成分即可表达完整思想。例如:

She is reading a novel.

We have realized the importance of English.

They are watching the football match.

He opened the door.

4.主—动—宾—宾(SVOO)结构。

此种结构中的动词一般只限于某些双宾语及物动词(ditransitive verb),即能跟有间接宾语和直接宾语的及物动词。例如:

He taught us English last year.

I call him a taxi.

He gave me an English book as a birthday present.

I bought him a novel.

5.主—动—宾—补(SVOC)结构。

此种结构中的动词只限于某些能带复合宾语的及物动词(complex transitive verbs),即只能跟有宾语和宾语补语的及物动词。例如:

They made him captain of the team.

I find it impossible to finish the task in time.

We find the book very interesting.

We have proved the method very effective.

6.主—动—状结构(SVA)。

此种结构中的状语不可缺。例如:

The radio is near his bed.

They are in the classroom.

A number of students are in the library.

The tape recorder is on the desk.

7.主—动—宾状结构(SVOA)。

此种结构中的状语不可缺。例如:

She put her baby in the cradle.

They watched TV in the drawing room.

He placed the pot on the stove.

They are talking about the film at the meeting.