history既是可数名词也是不可数名词，历史，史学；来历,沿革,由来；过去的事，过时的事物不可数。历史书，履历;病历;经历可数。

1、[U] 历史（指过去发生的所有事情）

all the events that happened in the past

a turning point in human history

人类历史的一个转折点

one of the worst disasters in recent history

近代史上最大的灾难之一

a people with no sense of history

一个没有历史感的民族

Many people throughout history have dreamt of a world without war.

历史上有很多人梦想过没有战争的世界。

The area was inhabited long before the dawn of recorded history (= before people wrote about events) .

早在有历史记载之前很久这个地区就有人居住了。

These events changed the course of history .

这些事件改变了历史的进程。

2、[sing., U] （有关某个地方、主题等的）发展史，历史

the past events concerned in the development of a particular place, subject, etc.

the history of Ireland/democracy/popular music

爱尔兰 / 民主 / 流行音乐的历史

The local history of the area is fascinating.

这个地区的历史很有意思。

The school traces its history back to 1865.

这个学校的历史可以追溯到1865年。

3、[U] 历史课；历史学

the study of past events as a subject at school or university

a history teacher

历史老师

a degree in History

历史学学位

social/economic/political history

社会 / 经济 / 政治史

ancient/medieval/modern history

古代 / 中世纪 / 近代史

She's studying art history .

她正在研读艺术史。

see also natural history

4、[C] 历史（指历史记载或历史传说）

a written or spoken account of past events

She's writing a new history of Europe.

她正在写一部新的欧洲史。

She went on to catalogue a long history of disasters.

接下来她列举了一长串灾难。

5、[sing.] ~ (of sth)（某人的）履历，经历；家族史；（某地的）沿革

a record of sth happening frequently in the past life of a person, family or place; the set of facts that are known about sb's past life

He has a history of violent crime.

他有暴力犯罪的前科。

There is a history of heart disease in my family.

我家有家族心脏病史。

a patient's medical history

病人的病历