补语主要是由谓语性词语和数量短语和介词短语充当。补语一般位于名词后，用来作补充说明。例如Mary has long curly black hair. 在本句中，long, curly, black，三个词都是修饰成分。

主语的补语

（以下内容为口语中可以适用）

它用在系动词后，是句子的一个基本成分。常用主－系－表结构。（表语是主动的，主补是被动的）

1.. -- Who broke the vase? 谁打碎了花瓶？

-- Me. 我。 （me做主语补语= It's me.）

2.John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was her. 约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽，还真是她。（her做主语补语）

宾语的补语

不定式(to do)

Our father will not allow us to play on the str-eet. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。

We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。

We made him copy the sentence.我们让他再说一遍。(make+宾语+省略to的不定式)

He is made to copy the sentence.他再说了一遍。

名词

At the meeting we elected him monitor.在会议上我们选他做班长。

I name my dog Pit.我叫我的狗Pit。

形容词

What you said made Xiao Wang angry.你所说的使小王很生气。

I found the classroom empty.我发现教室里空无一人。

副词

Please call the students back at once.请马上回电话给学生。

He was seen to take his cap off.他脱下他的帽子。

现在分词

We hear him singing in the hall.我们听到他在大厅里唱歌。

I found him lying in bed and sleeping.我发现他躺在床上，正在睡觉。

过去分词

He saw his face reflected in the water.他看见他的脸映照在水里。

I heard it spoken of in the next room.我听到有人在隔壁房间里说起这事。