被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，是动词的一种特殊形式。被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。被动语态的be在一般情况下都是不可以省略的。但是在前置定语修饰的时候或后置的定语从句中是可以省略的。

被动语态不用be的情况

一、被动语态不用be的情况

1.前置定语修饰的时候

The broken glass.破碎的杯子。

2.后置的定语从句中省略be动词

The man() given a praise is my uncle.被表扬的那个男人是我的叔叔。

省略的部分是“Which is be”。

二、被动语态

1.构成

（1）助动词be+及物动词的过去分词

（2）情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词

2.特殊用法

（1）不及物动词无被动语态。如：happen, break down, come out......

What will happen in 100 years.

The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.

（2）有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。如： write, sell, ride.....

This pen writes well.

This new book sells well.

（3）感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带“to”，但变为被动语态时，须加上“to”。

make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something

see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something

A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.

The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.

（4）如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语（物）作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。

He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.

He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.

My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.

（5）一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。

We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laughed at by us.

He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day.

The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.